Differences in their volatility determine the distribution of HMs among boiler slag, fly ash and flue gas during direct combustion [203,204]: 1) low-volatility HMs, such as Mn, Cu and Ni, are retained in residual ash after thermal conversion; 2) medium-volatility HMs, such as Pb, Cd and Zn, are partially gasified and then gradually condensed as
Read MoreMost industrial boilers in China are grate boilers, and small coal-fired boilers are especially prevalent. Cyclone or wet dust collectors are usually installed for PM abatement. The EFs of coal combustion in industrial boilers have been reported by several native studies and are summarized in Table 6 [ 92–95 ].
Read MoreDifferences in their volatility determine the distribution of HMs among boiler slag, fly ash and flue gas during direct combustion [203,204]: 1) low-volatility HMs, such as Mn, Cu and Ni, are retained in residual ash after thermal conversion; 2) medium-volatility HMs, such as Pb, Cd and Zn, are partially gasified and then gradually condensed as
Read MoreMost industrial boilers in China are grate boilers, and small coal-fired boilers are especially prevalent. Cyclone or wet dust collectors are usually installed for PM abatement. The EFs of coal combustion in industrial boilers have been reported by several native studies and are summarized in Table 6 [ 92–95 ].
Read More